Category: Regions | Map of Europe

Mapping Europe’s Cultural Diversity A Guide to Language and Ethnic Groups

Europe is known for its cultural diversity, which is reflected in the numerous languages and ethnic groups that call the continent home. From the Romance languages spoken in the south to the Slavic languages spoken in the east, Europe’s linguistic landscape is diverse and fascinating. In this article, we’ll explore the languages and ethnic groups of Europe, and take a look at how they are represented on a map.

Languages of Europe

Europe is home to more than 200 languages, which can be grouped into several language families. The largest and most widely spoken language family in Europe is the Indo-European family, which includes languages such as English, German, French, Spanish, Italian, Russian, and Polish. Other language families spoken in Europe include the Uralic family (Finnish, Estonian, and Hungarian), the Turkic family (Turkish, Azerbaijani, and Tatar), and the Semitic family (Arabic and Hebrew).

The distribution of languages in Europe is not evenly spread out. English is widely spoken throughout Europe, especially in countries like the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Malta. Spanish and French are also popular languages, spoken in Spain, France, Belgium, and Switzerland. German is the most widely spoken language in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, and is also spoken in parts of Belgium, Italy, and Denmark.

Eastern Europe has a high concentration of Slavic languages, such as Russian, Ukrainian, Polish, and Czech. The Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania also have their own unique languages, which belong to the Baltic language family. In the Balkans, a region located in southeastern Europe, a number of Slavic, Romance, and other languages are spoken, including Serbian, Croatian, Romanian, and Greek.

Ethnic Groups of Europe

Europe is also home to a wide variety of ethnic groups, each with its own unique traditions and cultural practices. The largest ethnic group in Europe is the Germans, who make up about 16% of the population. Other major ethnic groups in Europe include the French, British, Italians, Spaniards, and Poles.

However, there are many smaller ethnic groups in Europe as well. For example, the Roma people, who are often referred to as gypsies, are a nomadic ethnic group that can be found throughout Europe. Other ethnic groups with significant populations in Europe include the Albanians, Turks, and Greeks.

The distribution of ethnic groups in Europe is not uniform. Some regions have a high concentration of certain ethnic groups, while other regions are more diverse. In eastern Europe, for example, there are significant populations of Russians, Ukrainians, and Belarusians. In the Balkans, there are a number of ethnic groups, including Serbs, Croats, Bosniaks, and Albanians.

Mapping Europe’s Cultural Diversity

So, how can we represent Europe’s cultural diversity on a map? One way is to use a choropleth map, which shades different regions based on the prevalence of a particular language or ethnic group. For example, a choropleth map of Europe could show the prevalence of Romance languages in the south, Slavic languages in the east, and Germanic languages in the north and west. Similarly, a choropleth map could show the distribution of ethnic groups throughout Europe, highlighting regions with significant populations of Germans, French, Roma, and other groups.

Another way to represent Europe’s cultural diversity is through a dot density map. This type of map uses dots to represent individual speakers of a particular language or members of an ethnic group. For example, a dot density map of Europe could show the distribution of speakers of the various Romance languages, with each dot representing one speaker. Similarly, a dot density map could show the distribution of ethnic groups throughout Europe, with each dot representing one member of the group.

In addition to these map types, interactive maps can also be used to represent Europe’s cultural diversity. These maps allow users to explore different regions of Europe and learn more about the languages and ethnic groups that are prevalent in those areas. Interactive maps can also provide additional information about each language or ethnic group, such as its history, traditions, and cultural practices.

The Benefits of Mapping Europe’s Cultural Diversity

Mapping Europe’s cultural diversity has a number of benefits. First and foremost, it helps to raise awareness about the rich cultural heritage of Europe. By showing the distribution of languages and ethnic groups on a map, people can gain a better understanding of the diversity that exists within Europe.

Mapping Europe’s cultural diversity can also help to promote tolerance and understanding between different groups. By highlighting the prevalence of different languages and ethnic groups, people can learn to appreciate and respect the cultural differences that exist within Europe. This can help to reduce discrimination and promote social cohesion.

Finally, mapping Europe’s cultural diversity can be useful for a variety of practical purposes. For example, it can help policymakers to design language and cultural programs that are tailored to specific regions of Europe. It can also help businesses to target their marketing efforts to specific language or ethnic groups.

Europe’s cultural diversity is one of its greatest strengths. By mapping the distribution of languages and ethnic groups throughout Europe, we can gain a better understanding of the richness and complexity of European culture. Whether through choropleth maps, dot density maps, or interactive maps, there are many ways to represent Europe’s cultural diversity on a map. By doing so, we can promote tolerance, understanding, and appreciation for the diversity that exists within Europe.

Santorini, Greece the Aegean wonder

Located in the South Aegean Sea, the island of Santorini, Greece, is the result of a gigantic volcanic eruption that left a giant caldera at its edge when the land collapsed. This huge lagoon, surrounded on three sides by thousand foot high cliffs, is over thirteen hundred feet deep. Atop the cliffs sits Santorini’s capital city, Fira, filled with charming white-washed cottages along narrow streets lined with jewelry, souvenir shops and cafes. The deep caldera can accommodate all but the largest ships, which can anchor just about anywhere in it, with the principal port being Athinias. Santorini is the largest island in the small Santorini archipelago, which is made up of inhabited Santorini and Therasia and uninhabited Nea Kameni, Palaia Kameni, Aspronisi and Christiana. Santorini, Greece, also known as Thera, and Therasia, were once part of the same island. They became separated by one of the largest catastrophic volcanic eruptions on Earth that occurred in the middle of the Second Millenium, in the Late Bronze Age.

The eruption destroyed Santorini and settlements on the nearby islands. It has been said that Plato wrote about the legendary island of Atlantis because he was inspired by that volcanic event on Thera. The volcanic explosion left a layer of ash, volcanic cinders and volcanic blocks or rock fragments two hundred feet thick on the island. The delineation of this white layer and the soil can be clearly seen today. Deposits of pumice from the eruption were found in sea beds and lakes as far away as Turkey. The eruption is said to have caused climate change in the area of the Mediterranean, the Aegean and even in the Northern Hemisphere. Evidence in studies of tree-ring dating, the dating science based on an analysis of tree ring patterns, shows that this climatic event depressed growth of Ireland’s European oak trees and Sweden’s Scotch pine trees. Crops failed in China due to a volcanic winter that is said to have been was caused by the eruption.

Today Santorini, Greece is a popular international tourist destination, mostly due to its charm and the beauty of its legendary sunsets and magnificent landscapes. Last year it was chosen by both the BBC and “Travel & Leisure Magazine” as the top island in the world. The summer months are most popular for visitors to the island. Spectacular sunsets can be viewed in the Oia Village at the island’s northern tip, which has an interrupted view. The island also has unique and fantastic beaches with a variety of colors of beach pebbles. The color depends on the solidified lava that is found on the beach, with red, black or white beaches. Most visitors consider Perissa Beach the best on the island. It is shielded by cliffs and very long with dark sand. The darker colored beaches have warmer waters due to the heat absorption process. The next most preferred beach is the one in Kamari, which is the black pebble beach. Above Kamari is Thera’s ancient city which is open from 10 am to 2:30 pm each day but Monday.

There are many villages on Santorini, Greece. Some have imposing old homes, or remnants of a Venetian castle, and there are several Byzantine churches on the island. The churches have bright blue domes and several of the villages spill picturesquely down the cliffs toward the caldera. Fira has a great many shops, tavernas and hotels. It is overlooking the port where most of the cruise ships anchor. Visitors can take a cable car up the cliffs, or go by mule up the almost six hundred steps. It is worth the trip, as it one of the most stunning villages on the island. Here you will also be able to visit the Museum of Prehistoric Thera, which displays artifacts found in the ruins. In the south of the island is Akrotiri, a thirty-five hundred year old Minoan town preserved in ash similar to Pompeii. It has well preserved streets, buildings and stairways. Wine-making is still an occupation on Santorini, Greece, so make a visit to one of the wineries for a taste of the local wines.

Santorini has many types of accommodations on the island for those who want to stay over. There are varieties of hotels, villas, rooms and apartments for all budgets. Santorini, Greece can be visited by plane, boat or water. Most cruises to the islands of Greece include a stop at Santorini, docking at the port below the ancient Thera. There is a major airport on the island which is only about three miles from the downtown area. Olympic Air, Aegean Airlines and Athens Airways all service the island, along with several charter flights. Ferry boats arrive daily from Naxos, Paros, and Piraeus, and fast catamarans arrive daily from Ios, Naxos, Paros, Mykonos, Folegandros, Sifnos, Iraklio and Piraeus. If you are visiting Santorini, Greece for just one day, do try to get there before sunset so you can make sure to see that fantastic sight. Some boats arrive at night, and you will not realize that you are entering a remarkable harbor that was once the crater of an enormous volcano. Come visit and see these splendors for yourself.

Is it Time To Experience the Swiss Alps?

The Swiss Alps

Ah, the Swiss Alps, who could resist? If you are headed to Switzerland on holiday, this is one place not to be missed. Comprised primarily of the Alps range of mountains, it is a stunningly dramatic landscape of rugged and jagged rock formations. Bring your camera because this is some place that you will certainly want to photograph over and over again. And if you like to ski, then you have found the perfect location for this exciting sport. So settle into your Chalet and have a sip of Schnapps, as we visit the enchanted and inviting Swiss Alps. Perhaps the first activity that comes to mind when we think of this mountain destination is skiing holiday. This is because the region has perhaps some of the finest ski resorts in the world. In fact the names Alps and skiing are nearly interchangeable. But the delight of the Alps goes far beyond the skiing industry. In fact there is a whole world of adventure that awaits you when you decide to visit the spectacular Swiss Alps.

Comprising more than half of Switzerland’s total land area, the Swiss Alps are also made up of several glaciers. Several other countries share in the Alps mountain range, including Italy, France and Austria. The tourist industry makes up a major portion of the economy in this popular area. With skiing being at the top of the list of attractions, there are several highly regarded resorts that cater to skiing enthusiasts. The primary areas for these activities include Oberland, Bernese as well as Graubunden. Most of the ski resorts open sometimes as early as November and can extend as far out as May. A few of the well-known resorts include Grindelwald, Gastaad, Crans Montana, Zermatt and Davos to name only a small portion of the total resorts that populate this region. Most of these resorts are just a few hours drive from the larger cites in Switzerland. Skiers from around the world gravitate to this skiing Mecca of sorts. The saying is you have not gone skiing until you have experienced the Swiss Alps.

After you have enjoyed a relaxing shot of Schnapps on your skiing holiday in your well-appointed Swiss Chalet, you can then begin to explore the interesting landscape of this mountain world. For example, take in the powerful images of majestic mountain peaks, some of the more notable peaks ideal for photo opportunities include, Jungfraujoch peak, Piz Badile Range of peaks, the peaks of Finsteraarhorn, and the famous Matterhorn. Also a part of this breathtaking landscape includes such glacial formations as the Aletsch Glacier, the Saleina Glacier, the Stein Glacier, the Morteratsch Glacier and the Oberaar glacial formation to name just a few. This is a truly picturesque region with endless images of mountains, glaciers, passes, and peaks. It only takes one trip to the Swiss Alps to know you have discovered a place with few rivals. However, the true splendor of this exciting region cannot be fully appreciated in just a few days. So plan for at least a few weeks of more to adequately take in all that is offered here.

Getting around is a fairly easy task while visiting the Swiss Alps. Most of the mountain resorts are accessible via the extensive public transportation system that criss crosses the entire region. Some of the national transport includes the Golden Pass, the Federal Railway and the Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn. The Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn is especially interesting. The Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn is considered a rather narrow rail when measured in gauge. The route spans from Zermatt to Disentis. Also worth the time to explore is the Rhaetian Railway system, a private railway system that operates in larger tourism centers such as Davos as well as St. Moritz. Tourists will find that most destinations are within just a few hours away by train. The best part of taking the train is the view and scenery. Stunning views while you relax on the meandering train will keep your interest the whole way. There are often many ways to get around while on holiday, but few compare to a beautiful train ride through the Swiss Alps.

No matter what your interest, the Alps of Switzerland will keep you coming back for more of all that this marvellous area has to offer. You will experience stunning views from your comfortable Swiss Chalet on a skiing holiday that will create memories that will last a lifetime. You may even decide to bring back home a bottle or two of the signature drink of the region, a bottle of fine Swiss Schnapps. This is a very worthwhile trip with so much to see and do, how could anyone resist. Getting around will be a breeze with one of the finest networks of transportation in the world. The stunning mountain landscape and breathtaking glacial formations will leave you in a splendid daze. The best way to take advantage of all the scenery will without a doubt be the train. There is good reason why so many people choose the train as their preferred way of travel in Switzerland. Make plans to visit the Alps of Switzerland, and be ready to be swept away on a journey only few have dreamed of before. See the Alps today, and see what you have been missing.

Travelling to the Black Forest

The next time you visit Germany, one sight you won’t want to miss is the intriguingly unique black forest. Situated in south-western reaches of Germany, this is an area that gets its name from the thick heavy undergrowth of foliage that routinely blocks out the sun. This ecologically rich mountainous area is heavily wooded and is surrounded by the Rhine valley. One primary source of water feeding the forest throughout is the Danube River, while the majority of tress is of the fir and pine variety. With miles and miles of hiking and walking paths this is a true wonderland of Bavaria for the outdoors type. Perhaps of greater interest to the outdoors inclined will be the miles of cross-country skiing courses. This area is so rich in ecology and interesting sights it is no wonder that tourists flock here each year, especially throughout the summer months. In fact tourist related activities make for a major portion of the economy in this area. To see where the Black Forest is situated check out this map of Germany.

When someone first hears the term Black Forest, they usually think of some type of food. This has become the best-recognized use of the term around the world. Perhaps the most widely known food to carry this name is of course the Black Forest Cake. The primary ingredients of this delectable delight are usually chocolate cake, cherries, and rich heavy cream. The primary flavor enhancer is the flavored liquor known as Kirsch. Another well-known food item is the ever-popular Black Forest Ham, a family favorite the world over. The area is no stranger to exquisite foods either, with some of the finest restaurants in the world located right here in the region. The area is replete with fine dining and will keep those with a love for fine food busy for a very long time. A number of these restaurants have the distinction of having some of the highest ratings in terms of food excellence in the world. No visit to the region would be complete without a visit to at least a few of these delightful dining establishments.

Another interesting point of remark that this German or Bavarian region is well known for is the wood carving industry. This makes up for a good portion of annual tourist revenue with a main portion of the artistic woodworking being the design of Cuckoo Clocks. The traditional clockmaker of the Black Forest is regarded as the premier clock maker in the world. The clocks are lauded as the best and most precise clocks anywhere. This clock making art dates back a few hundred years and has its roots firmly planted in the area. It is little wonder that there is such a high demand for this much sought after souvenir by the droves of tourists that make their way to the region each year. This area has a truly unique and inspiring feel that you won’t find anyplace else in the world. Once you have spent a little time in this inviting and enchanted forest you will likely want to return. With a map of Germany in hand and a little spare time the possibilities are endless when visiting this very special place.

Getting back to nature is something we all strive for at one time or another, and a visit to this magical forest is definitely one way to do that. In the Black Forest expect to see a wide range of wildlife as well as rare and unique foliage. At the floor or base of the forest one little creature that stands out as unique to this part of the world are the giant size earthworms. Like nothing you have ever set your eyes on before, these earth worms have almost a prehistoric appearance to them. They are a bit of an oddity and let you know that you are in a very unique place deep in the German forest. Another species indigenous to the area is the horse breed known as the Black Forest Fox. Known as being a true workhorse these animals have been used for many years to work the land. Also indigenous to the region is a rare bird known as the Wood Grouse or Heather Cock. This is a rather large bird weighing in at nearly 16 pounds. This beautiful bird is yet another example of how diverse and wonderful this forest really can be.

The list goes on as to the unique sights you will see in this fantasy like forest world. One point of interest that should be on anyone’s list of places to see while visiting the Black Forest is the world famous museum known as Schwarzwalder Freilicht Museum. This remarkable museum puts on exhibits that relate and show how people lived during the 16th century. It focuses specifically on those who tended to the farms in the region during that period. The museum has actually recreated a number of original old farms. Also when making the museum rounds, you would not want to miss the German Museum of clocks. This museum offers a historical perspective of German clock building. No matter what you reason for visiting this Bavarian wonderland, one thing you can count on is that it will be well worth your time. So why not get out your map of Germany and set a course for the enchanted Black Forest. One trip and you will know why this area draws the number of people that is does.

French Riviera holiday with with Style!

This sprawl of pebble beaches and billion-dollar houses has always captivated sun lovers and socialites. Today’s admirers know not to miss the Côte d’Azur’s textbook points of interest: animated St-Tropez; the Belle Époque aura of Cannes; the towns made famous by Picasso-Antibes, Vallauris, Mougins; the urban charms of Nice; and a number of spots where the per-capita population of billionaires must be among the highest on the planet: Cap d’Antibes, Villefranche-sur-Mer, and Monaco. It’s up in the hills above the coast that you’ll find the charm you expect from France, both in sophisticated hotels with gastronomic restaurants and in friendly mom and pop auberges (inns); the farther north you drive, the lower the prices. Of course, certain areas of the Riviera book up faster than others, but all hit overload from June to September. It’s essential to book in advance; up to half a year for the summer season is not unheard of, and is, in fact, much appreciated. Festivals and good weather will also affect your chances. If you arrive without a reservation, try the tourist information centers, which can usually be of help. Smaller villages often have tiny, charming hotels or bed-and-breakfasts, which translates to fewer than 10 rooms, and which also means they fill up fast, even out of season in some places. If you’re really out of luck, don’t try sleeping on the beach; as romantic as it sounds, it is not tolerated and strictly controlled. Worst-case scenario is a string of cheap motels on the outskirts of most major city centers, which cost €25-€65.

Even in tiny villages some hauteur cuisine places can be as dressy as those in Monaco, if not more so, but in general, restaurants on the Côte d’Azur are quite relaxed. At lunchtime, a T-shirt and shorts are just fine in all but the fanciest places; bathing suits, however, should be kept for the beach. Night time wear is casual, too – but be aware that for after-dinner drinks, many clubs and discos draw the line at running shoes and jeans. Food plays a crucial role in the south of France, and some of the best restaurants aren’t so easy to access; make sure to include taxi money in your budget to get to some of the more remote restaurants, or plan on renting a car. Try to come in truffle, lavender, or olive season. Explore the best sights, entertainment, and shopping with our top choices and insider tips. On the outskirts of “new” Vence, toward St-Jeannet is the Chapelle du Rosaire, better known to the world-at-large as the Matisse Chapel. The artist decorated the chapel with beguiling simplicity and clarity between 1947 and 1951 – the chapel was the artist’s gift to nuns who had nursed him through illness. It reflects the reductivist style of the era: walls, floor, and ceiling are gleaming white, and the small stained-glass windows are cool greens and blues. “Despite its imperfections I think it is my masterpiece… the result of a lifetime devoted to the search for truth,” wrote Matisse, who designed and dedicated the chapel when he was in his eighties and nearly blind.

Carved out of the rock face and one of Monte Carlo’s most stunning escapes, the gardens are studded with thousands of succulents and cacti, all set along promenades and belvederes over the sea. There are rare plants from Mexico and Africa, and the hillside plot, threaded with bridges and grottoes and studded with faux boulders (actually hollow sculptures), can’t be beat for coastal splendour. Prince Albert I established the gardens in the late 19th century. Also on the grounds, or actually under them, are the Grottes de l’Observatoire —spectacular grottoes and caves a-drip with stalagmites and spotlighted with fairy lights. The largest cavern is called “La Grande Salle” and looks like a Romanesque rock cathedral. Traces of Cro-Magnon civilization have been found here, so the grottoes now bear the official name of the Musée d’Anthropologie Préhistorique. The Sentier Tirepoil passes below (but unfortunately does not access) the Villa Eilenroc, designed by Charles Garnier, who created the Paris Opéra—which should give you some idea of its style. It commands the tip of the peninsula from a grand and glamorous garden. On Wednesdays from September to June, visitors are allowed to wander through the reception salons, which retain the Louis Seize-Trianon feel of the noble facade. The Winter Salon still has its 1,001 Nights ceiling mural painted by Jean Dunand, the famed art deco designer; display cases are filled with memorabilia donated by Caroline Groult-Flaubert (Antibes resident and goddaughter of the great author); and the boudoir has boiseries from the Marquis de Sévigné’s Paris mansion. As you leave, be sure to detour to La Rosaerie, the rose garden of the estate – in the distance you can spot the white portico of the Château de la Cröe, another legendary villa (now reputedly owned by a syndicate of Russian billionaires). Whether or not the Eilenroc is haunted by Helene Beaumont, the rich singer who built it, or King Leopold II of Belgium, King Farouk of Egypt, Aristotle Onassis, or Greta Garbo – who all rented here – only you will be able to tell.

If you’re all dressed up and have just won big, invest in a drink in the intimate walnut-and-velour Bar Le Relais, in the landmark Hôtel Negresco. The glassed-in complex of the Eden Casino houses restaurants, bars, a dance club, and a casino. In July the Nice Jazz Festival draws performers from around the world. The antiques and brocante market, by the old port, is held Tuesday through Saturday. For every sort of hat imaginable, from the basic beret to huge creations with many a flower and ostrich plume, check out La Chapellerie at their Cours Saleya boutique (there are two other shops in Nice).You have to hand it to the French, they even do second-hand fashion right. Steps away from the Hotel Negresco, Mademoiselle has quickly become the place to shop in Nice: Chanel, Dior, Louis Vuitton, Hermès – you name it – the gangs all here, at least in vintage terms. You’ll find lots of luxury brand clothes, shoes, bags, and belts to rummage through, and it’s all excellently priced.

Monaco, Toy Kingdom: Yes, Virginia, you can afford to visit Monte Carlo—that is, if you avoid its casinos and head for its tropical gardens. Picasso and Company: Because artists have long loved the Côte d’Azur, it’s blessed with superb art museums, including the Fondation Maeght in St-Paul and the Musée Picasso in Antibes. Èze, Island in the Sky: The most perfectly perched of the coast’s villages perchés, Èze has some of the most breathtaking views this side of a NASA space capsule. St-Tropez à Go-Go: Brave the world’s most outlandish fishing port in high summer and soak up the scene. Just don’t forget the fake tan lotion. Nice, Queen of the Riviera: With its bonbon-color palaces, blue Baie des Anges, time-stained Old Town, and Musée Matisse, this is one of France’s most colorful cities. The French Riviera is famed for its grand villas and even grander gardens built by Victorian dukes, Spanish exiles, Belgian royals, and American blue bloods. Although its hothouse crescent blooms everywhere with palm and lemon trees and jungle flowers, nowhere else does it bloom so extravagantly as in Menton, famous for its temperate climes and 24-karat sun. Menton attracted a great share of wealthy hobbyists during the 1920s and 1930s, including Major Lawrence Johnston, a gentleman gardener best known for his Cotswolds wonderland, Hidcote Manor. Fair-haired and blue-eyed, this gentle American wound up buying a choice estate in the village of Gorbio – one of the loveliest of all perched seaside villages, set 10 km (6 mi) west of Menton – and spent two decades making the Serre de la Madone one of the horticultural masterpieces of the coast. He brought back exotica from his many trips to South Africa, Mexico, and China, and planted them in a series of terraces, accented by little pools, vistas, and stone steps. Although most of his creeping plumbago, pink belladonna, and night-flowering cacti are now gone, his garden has been reopened by the municipality. Car facilities are very limited but the garden can also be reached from Menton via bus No. 7 (get off at Mers et Monts stop). Back in Menton, green-thumbers will also want to visit the town’s Jardin Botanique, the Val Rahmeh Botanical Garden (Av. St-Jacques 04-93-35-86-72 Closed Tues.), planted by Maybud Campbell in the 1910s, much prized by connoisseurs, bursting with rare ornamentals and subtropical plants, and adorned with water-lily pools and fountains. The tourist office can also give you directions to other gardens around Menton, including the Fontana Rosa, the Villa Maria Serena, and the Villa Les Colombières.

The Lake District England

One of the great treasures of England is tucked away in the North-West of the country – the picturesque mountains, lush valleys, rocky peaks, moorlands and lakes, known collectively as the Lake District. Located entirely within the modern English county of Cumbria, and easily accessible by trunk roads, rail and ferry, “The Lakes” as they are commonly known, have been a popular tourist destination since the 17th century and have given inspiration to countless painters, writers and poets, most memorably William Wordsworth and Beatrix Potter. Others make the trip to enjoy the legendary Castlerigg Stones, an ancient circle of 38 stones made even more strikingly spectacular as they are entirely ringed by mountains to the north, south, west and east. Today, the area attracts a wide variety of visitors, from those seeking associations with great art and literature, to hikers, nature and wildlife enthusiasts, and those simply seeking the joy and serenity of one of the most beautiful areas in Europe.

Against the backdrop of mountains and rocky fells – Old Norse for “mountains” – lie the jewels of the district – the 14 lakes themselves. Amongst them are Lake Wastwater, the deepest lake in England, and Lake Windermere, the longest. The Lake District, officially a National Park, also has the distinction of being home to the only parts of England that are higher than 3,000 feet above sea level, including Scafell Pike, the highest mountain in England. Between the peaks are valleys of bracken and heather, forests and moorland. Wildlife flourishes, including several species unique in the country. These include the red squirrel, the country’s only Golden Eagles, and the Herdwick – a breed of sheep native to the Lake District. The pristine aspect of the area has been preserved through the centuries, despite human settlements. Today, most of those towns and villages in the district are directly involved in tourism, providing lodgings, meals, tours, guides and a plethora of information on the history and the natural wonders of the area.

As they have done since the mid-19th-century, many visitors to the Lake District are in search of places and sights associated with the poet William Wordsworth, who composed some of his most beloved works, including “Daffodils”, while residing at Dove Cottage, Grasmere. They also come to pay homage at the Beatrix Potter House. Potter made her home in the district, at Hill House by the shores of Lake Windermere, where the woods and wildlife provided the inspiration for her inimitable characters. In the 20th century, Sir Hugh Walpole so fell in love with the Lake District that he bought a house, Brackenburn, overlooking the Derwentwater Lake, and wrote a large number of his works while living there. Inspired by both past and present, modern-day artists and writers are among the most enthusiastic visitors to the Lake District, and can be seen, perched on an outcrop or settled by a lake, writing and painting as their predecessors have done for centuries.

Historically, the Lake District encompassed three counties – Cumberland, Westmorland and Lancashire. Today, however, the area is part of Cumbria, and sometimes known as the Cumbrian Mountains. It is easily accessible by highways and good roads, and driving tours are extremely popular. To the east lies the M6 motorway and other key roads cut across the district to the north and south, as well as from the coastal plains to the west. The A590 connects the M6 to the Lake District’s major town, Barrow-in-Furness. Three rail lines skirt the perimeter of the district, the West Coast Main Line, the Cumbrian Coast Line and the Windermere Branch Line. There are also narrow gauge railway links that connect tourists from the West coast with towns and hamlets within the Lake District and a small line, the Lakeside and Haverthwaite Railway that connects villages and tourists with a passenger ferry. For drivers, there is a vehicle-carrying ferry to take them across Lake Windermere and seasonal ferries on other lakes.

Within the Lake District National Park, visitors will find accommodations to suit any taste and pocket: Hotels, cozy cottages (including self-catering), bed-and-breakfasts, inns, and campsites – even hostels and barns! Whether looking for a charming English village, or a rustic retreat, the visitor will find a place to stay that provides the right ambience. A good place to start planning a Lake District vacation is at the official Cumbrian tourism website https://www.golakes.co.uk/. Spring and summer are the best times to visit, especially if visitors hope to explore some of the more remote trails and walks. Many visitors tend to combine a visit to the Lake District with other northern English attractions, and there is a useful map showing the proximity of the Lake District to other areas of interest at https://www.picturesofengland.com/nationalparks. The Pictures of England site also has lots of information for those who wish to explore other historic or picturesque parts of England as well. Google maps also offer an excellent map of England and all its regions.

Why Sicily is an Italian Paradise Worth Exploring

The splendid sights and sounds of Sicily are perhaps unlike anywhere else in the world. Situated off the lower tip of Italy, Sicily is a world unto itself. With mild Mediterranean weather and a pleasant year round climate this is one part of Italy worth visiting. Sicily is rather hilly and is part of a series of active volcano ranges. Perhaps the most well known of the Sicilian volcano’s is Mt. Etna, an active and quite moody volcano. Sicily is home to one of the biggest preserved natural ecosystems, the Nebrodi Mountains Regional Park. Within the park perimeter is the most expansive forest on the island, known as Caronia. This is an island rich and diverse with beautiful landscape, excellent food and wonderfully delightful local peoples. It only takes one trip to Sicily and the rest of Italy to be absolutely convinced that this is a little bit of heaven on earth. Let’s look at some of the wonders of Sicily.

Sicily is rich with agricultural rewards. The island with its highly fertile and rich soil is able to produce some amazingly delicious and nutritious vegetables and fruits. The quality of the soil can be directly attributed to its volcanic makeup, resulting from many successive eruptions of Mt. Etna, primarily. The extended hot humid growing season is another contributing factor to the exceptional produce the island is famous for. The chief crops on Sicily are grapes, olives, and citrus fruits. Almonds are yet another abundant product in this Italian wonderland. Some of the finest olive oils in the world originate from right in the heart of Sicily. Let’s not forget the wine, ah the wine. Italy is known for wine and this little island just off the coast of the mainland is no less an excellent wine producer. One of its hallmark wines is of course Marsala. This tasty wine originates from the heart of Sicily and is highly regarded as an excellent gourmet cooking wine.

Culturally, Sicily is perhaps second to few other places in the world. With an extensive history in art and sciences, this is a place for the serious art buff. One example of the wide diversity of art and culture on the island of Sicily is the Teatro Massimo. The Teatro Massimo located in Palermo is the biggest house of Opera in all of Italy and perhaps within the top few in Europe in terms of size. The mainland of Italy has a generous share of famous artists, but Sicily is equally blessed in this regard. One example in the area of painting is Antonello Da Messina, a highly respected Sicilian artist. There are also several notable Sicilian composers that have made a mark on music. A few of note are Salvatore Sciarrino, Vincenzo Bellini, and Giovanni Pacini. Italy in general is well known for famous artists, and Sicily shares equally in many of the artistic accomplishments of this great culture. The only way to truly know Sicily is to visit Sicily.

Perhaps more than any other subject, the subject of food, and really good food at that, comes up when talking about amazing Sicily. The majority of the local dishes found in this island paradise are derived form the local produce. Regardless of if we are talking about the fantastic wines, or the delicious fresh fruit and vegetables, one thing is certain, it is usually all fresh and local. Be it tomatoes, beans, fresh olives, or a host of other fresh fare, the food that is prepared is always out of this world. Add to that the wide selection of fresh local seafood and you have the recipe for some of the best tasting foods you can imagine. And let’s not forget desert. Ah desert, the deserts of Sicily are in a class all their own. The trademark desert of Sicily is of course the Cannoli, a fried shell with rich heavy ricotta cheese filling. Sometimes containing chocolate chips or nuts, this is a premier Sicilian desert dish. Try a Connoli one time and you will be sure to come back for more.

Getting around the island is easy with a multitude of transportation options. The primary airport is the Catania-fontanarossa Airport. This is a very busy airport situated along the eastern portion of the island. Train and water transportation is also well represented on the island and easy access. What is most amazing about beautiful Sicily is the people. The people of Sicily are genuine, warm and giving. They want to share with you, talk with you and become your friend. Everyone you meet it seems has a smile and a laugh to offer. It could perhaps be said that in Sicily, a stranger is but a friend you have not met yet. This is a fitting saying and holds true. Whether it is the food or the cultural mastery, or the genuinely warm people of Sicily, one thing you can be certain of is that you will love Sicily – and Italy in general. Visit the island world of Sicily and see what you have been missing. You may even learn a little bit of Italian. After all, being in Italy and not speaking Italian is like going to the beach and not swimming.

Andalusia: A Travel Destination To The Heart Of Spain’s History and Culture

Map of the Provinces of Andalusia

Andalusia is one of the most prosperous of Spain’s seventeen autonomous communities. It’s also what most people think of when they think about the romance and mystique of Southern Spain. Apart from the fabulous fairs (ferias and fiestas) which take place beginning in April and extend into the fall, there are the historic provinces of Sevilla, Málaga, Almeria, Cadiz, Cordoba, Granada, Huelva, Jaenand and all that they offer tourists. Andalusia is home to a population of over eight million locals.

Lovers of music and dance will discover the passionate and seductive lure of Flamenco. This art form has flourished in Andalusia for over five hundred years. Flamenco purists can experience the best of this music and dance by attending a Pena flamenca. This is a meeting place or grouping of Flamenco musicians or artists that present the most traditional and purest form of the art without any particular interest in impressing tourists or making money. Be on the lookout for these local and regional celebrations when visiting Andalusia.

Those with an adventurous spirit that require something more than just beauty and art to get their adrenaline flowing can try watching an old world-style bull fight. The bull fighting season begins with the fairs in April and continues until mid-October. Bullfighting is Spain’s national sport and one that grows more popular each year. In addition to the actual confrontation between the bull and the bullfighter (matador), there is the spectacle of the event: Entrance of the bull, the picador (a pair of horsemen), the banderilleros (they plant little flags with barbed tips on the bull’s shoulders), and the matador.

The ferias (fairs) and fiestas (festivals) present the best way to experience Andalusian culture. One of the most popular is held annually in Seville, starts about two weeks after Easter Holy Week in April and lasts for six days. This event includes colorful parades with decorated carriages, people and horses in costume, amusement rides and lots of wonderful food and entertainment. If you visit Andalusia during the summer you are bound to run into any number of local fiestas held in every town and village. Fiestas are showcases which highlight the history and cultural of each place. These events give townspeople a chance to celebrate and share their heritage.

map of the regions of Andalusia

When it comes to food, you cannot visit Andalusia without sampling dishes made from their treasured legs of cured ham. Fish and shellfish are also beloved staples prepared in many different ways. Gazpacho (pescaito frito, locally) is hugely popular and a must eat for tourists. If you visit southern Spain, leave your diet behind. Deep frying is the preferred cooking method, but well worth the extra calories for once in a lifetime meals you just can find elsewhere.

Costa del Sol (Coast of the Sun) in the Málaga province is world renowned for its tourist appeal. Most people fly into Málaga airport and travel from there to the fabulous resorts located on the coast from Manilva to Nerja. This area is a surprising place that offers much more than just sun and beach. Amazing landscapes, Michelin Star restaurants, archaeological treasures, historic structures, traditional flamenco and a world class bio-park that has become a model for modern zoos give the active tourist many exciting choices.

Major roads map of Andalusia

History buffs will be sure to place Granada on their must-see list. Among the many historic locations and culturally-significant places to visit are Alhambra and Generalife. The Alhambra is a huge fortress constructed during the fourteenth century by Arab rulers of that time. This cultural treasure occupies the top of the hill of the Assabica on the South-Eastern border of Granada and remains one of Spain’s top tourist destinations. The Generalife is a palace surrounded by romantic gardens filled with beautiful flowers, exotic plants and fabulous fountains.

Among the seven million people that live in Andalusia are the almost seven hundred thousand Gypsies or Romani people. They bring a richness of music, culture and costume to the region. If you really want to experience traditional Gypsy music, dance and culture you must attend the Romería Nacional de los Gitanos or National Gypsy Pilgrimage. This annual event takes place in Cabra on the third Sunday in June. The celebration began in 1969 and was established to help unite far-reaching Gypsy communities throughout Europe, and to provide an opportunity for non-Gypsies to meet and bond with Gypsies so that both cultures can better understand each other.

Andalusia is a wonderful tourist destination that has much going for it. Spain loves children, so don’t be afraid to bring the kids. There are a wide variety of family friendly events that take place during the summer tourist season. Whether travelling with family, friends or on your own, southern Spain is a treasure trove of history, culture, music, art and unique cuisine that should be experienced at least once in a lifetime. For more info on Andalusia go here!